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Drug
Information
Pharmacokinetics
| Indication
& Dosage | Action
| Interactions
Adverse
Effect & Precautions |
Brands available in Market
After oral administration it is rapidly and completely absorbed. It shows substantial first pass effect and is highly protein bound. It is metabolised, excreted in urine and bile.
Oral
Inflammatory and De-Generative arthritis, RA, OA, ankylosing spondylitis, acute gout. post-operative pain dental pain, painful musculo skeletal conditions, low back pain etc.:50mg b.i.d or t.i.d Children over 1yr: 1-3mg/kg/day in divided doses.
Dysmenorrhoea: Start with 50-100mg and increase if required upto 200mg/day. Sustained release forms: 100mg o.d.
IM
Indication as above: 75mg 1-2 times daily by deep intragluteal injection. Children: Not recommended.
Diclofenac has potent antininflammatory analgesic and antipyretic actions. The mechanism of these actions is inhibition of the enzyme, cyclo-oxygenase in the pathway of prostaglandin(PG) synthesis. PGs are known to be associated with inflammation. Diclofenac is available as the sodium or potassium salt. The former is enteric-coated to ensure optimum bio-availability but this leads to some delay in the onset of action though in chronic terapy this is not significant. The potassium salt is absorbed rapidly and action sets in much earlier.
Lithium & Digoxin : Blood levels of lithium and digoxin increased leading to enhanced efficacy and posible toxicity.
Diuretics : Inhibits diuretics but efficacy of potassium sparing diuretics enhanced.
Cyclosporine : Increases nephrotoxicity of both agents.
Hydantions : Increases serum levels resulting in toxicity.
Nausea, vomiting, epigastric discomfort, skin rash, peptic ulcer, fluid retention, oedema, impairment of hepatic function rarely.
Special Precautions : Impairment of hepatic, renal or cardiac function. Children, blood coagulation disorders. Recent proctitis. GI disorders. Preparations of Diclofenac with paracetamol are available.
Pregnancy : Contraindicated
Brest Feeding : Use with caution.
Men : May be given in reduced dose.
